In the Islamic paradigm, agriculture represents an inseparable link between sustainable economic livelihood and a sacred mandate, deeply rooted in the Quran and Sunnah. By emphasizing the responsible stewardship of natural resources, the Holy Quran characterizes cultivation not merely as a tool for economic independence, but as a religious obligation. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of scriptural teachings to elucidate the central position of agriculture within the Islamic framework, demonstrating that this productive activity functions as a form of "high worship" and a manifestation of spiritual virtues such as tawakkul and patience. The theoretical foundation is based on the principle that knowledge-based resource management with sincere intention leads to "Barakah"-a socio-economic and spiritual phenomenon of increased productivity. Historically, this paradigm catalyzed the "Islamic Agricultural Revolution" (9th–13th centuries), which established sustainable food security through innovations in hydraulic engineering and crop diversification. Furthermore, this paper adopts a problem-oriented approach to propose novel solutions for contemporary environmental crises. Reconstructing the human role from an exploiter to a "Divine Steward" (Khalifah) provides a necessary ontological basis for ecological balance. Key findings include the extraction of the "Josephian Strategic Model" for crisis management, the utilization of jurisprudential (Fiqh) concepts against waste (Israf) for water conservation, and linking land ownership to biological reclamation. Ultimately, this theological-historical approach seeks food security through ecosystem health and social justice, offering a viable complement to Western developmental models in global environmental policymaking.